The smells of space (2024)

What do walnuts, brake pads and burnt steak have in common? According to astronauts, they all smell like space. While each astronaut smells something a bit different, they all agree ‘space stinks’.

Obviously, space is a vacuum, so no one has really ‘smelled’ it before in the traditional sense of the word. If you tried, you’d die. But we can smell it indirectly. Researchers have been able to identify numerous compounds and elements within the galaxy—many of which are also found here on Earth. We are therefore able to make some assumptions about how they would smell in space. Astronauts returning from space walks have also described the tang on their spacesuits or in the airlocks of the shuttle.

The smells of space are important because they can tell us a lot about the chemical composition of our galaxy, revealing secrets of our solar system.

A succession of astronauts have described the smell as ‘… a rather pleasant metallic sensation ... [like] ... sweet-smelling welding fumes’, ‘burning metal’, ‘a distinct odour of ozone, an acrid smell’, ‘walnuts and brake pads’, ‘gunpowder’ and even ‘burnt almond cookie’.

The smells of space (1)

But what is the cause of this combination of smells? We’re not 100 per cent sure yet, but there are a few ideas.

One explanation is that the smell is due to a chemical reaction which occurs within the spacecraft during re-pressurisation. The process is known as oxidation—similar to burning but with no smoke. In space, atomic oxygen (single atoms) can cling to a spacesuit’s fabric, to tools and potentially even to air-lock walls. When these single atoms of oxygen combine with O₂ in the cabin during re-pressurisation, they combine to make ozone (O₃). It may be this, and not an interstellar aroma, that astronauts are smelling.

Another (slightly sexier) idea is that the odour is due to dying stars. When a star dies it releases a lot of energy. This produces pungent compounds known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which float endlessly around the universe and assist in the creation of new comets, planets and stars. We have these PAHs on Earth too, you can find them in some foods, and also in coal and oil. PAHs experience high-energy vibrations, which, when combined with air, may be responsible for the unique tang of space.

But there are other smells in space besides, well, space. Comets, planets, moons and gas clouds have their own unique scent too.

The smells of space (2024)

FAQs

What does the space smell like? ›

We can't smell space directly, because our noses don't work in a vacuum. But astronauts aboard the ISS have reported that they notice a metallic aroma – like the smell of welding fumes – on the surface of their spacesuits once the airlock has re-pressurised.

What does space smell like according to Tim Peake? ›

Tim Peake has also spoken about what space smells like, describing it as "like static electricity"

What did multiple astronauts claim space to smell like? ›

Burnt steak and body odour is not what you imagine when you think of going into space, but that's the consistent description astronauts have of the space station. Welding fumes or burning metal are also common scents. The source of these unpleasant fragrances is not fully understood.

What does space smell like steak? ›

What does outer space smell like? Those aboard the Apollo moon landings described the scent as gunpowder-like. On the other hand, those who traversed the International Space Station compared the smell to burnt steak.

Does space smell like toast? ›

As for the burnt odor, scientists said this could be attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are also found in charred food like burnt toast and barbecued meat and routinely occur in outer space. Another scent that can reportedly be found in space is alcohol.

What does the galaxy smell like? ›

Most notable is the central region of our galaxy. Astronomers believe it smells like raspberries and tastes like rum. They came to this conclusion when they were scouring the sky around Sagittarius B2 (a dust cloud located near our galactic center) in search of amino acids (a precursor to life).

What does the Moon smell like? ›

After walking on the Moon astronauts hopped back into their lunar lander, bringing Moon dust with them. They were surprised, and perplexed, to find that it smelled like spent gunpowder.

Does space smell like bacon? ›

Astronauts from the International Space Station have reported catching whiffs of meaty aromas, like bacon, after getting back into the ISS after spacewalks. And if you believe NASA's early moon walkers, our moon doesn't actually smell like cheese. Its scent is more like gunpowder.

How does space smell if there is no air? ›

Astronauts report that space has a distinct smell, often described as metallic or sweet.

What do astronauts smell when they come back to Earth? ›

Outer space has a particular stench. But why? When astronauts return from spacewalks, they often describe unexpected scents similar to burnt steak and spent gunpowder.

Do astronauts lose their sense of smell in space? ›

This change can be seen in the first few days of arriving in space when astronauts have a puffy face as fluid blocks the nasal passages. The puffy face feels like a heavy cold and this can cause taste to be affected in the short term by reducing their ability to smell.

What does Mars smell like? ›

Eau de Red Planet

Morie suspects that the predominant Mars odor is a slightly acrid, gassy smell of sulfur compounds, with a chalky, sweet overtone punching through. This scent would become a big part of Red Planet settlers' lives.

What does the sun smell like? ›

You can't smell the sun or maybe you can, if you think that everything around you has an odor and in most cases that smell originates from the sun. Some years ago astronomers stated that the center of our galaxy actually would smell of rum.

How does earth smell like? ›

Geosmin is the pleasant smell of soil and that earthy scent that comes with and after rain. It is one of the chemicals that makes the smell of petrichor. Out of the petrichor chemicals, I choose to highlight geosmin, though, because microbes produce it.

What does oxygen smell like? ›

Oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas. Liquid Oxygen has a light blue color and is odorless.

Is there a bottom to space? ›

there is no top, or bottom or left, or right, or front or back to the universe… it just keeps going forever in every direction.

Is space a perfect vacuum? ›

Outer space has very low density and pressure, and is the closest physical approximation of a perfect vacuum. But no vacuum is truly perfect, not even in interstellar space, where there are still a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter.

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